In ethical practice, when a client may pose risk to self or others, the social worker should begin by:

• A. Do nothing unless the client agrees
• B. Discuss the limits of confidentiality and mandatory reporting with the client
• C. Obtain explicit consent before action
• D. Do not discuss confidentiality at this time

Answer: (B)

The key idea is that confidentiality has boundaries, especially when there’s risk of harm. When a client may pose danger to self or others, the social worker should start by clearly explaining the limits of confidentiality and the situations that require mandatory reporting. This upfront discussion is essential because confidentiality isn’t absolute—there are legal and ethical obligations to disclose information to prevent harm. Presenting these limits invites the client to participate in safety planning and helps establish trust, so they understand what may be shared and why.

After this transparency, the worker can proceed with a risk assessment and develop a safety plan. If the risk is imminent or falls under reporting obligations, the appropriate disclosures or protective actions are taken in line with law or policy, with proper documentation and, if needed, supervision. This approach balances ethical duties to protect safety with respect for the client’s autonomy and rights.